Eye-Tracking Researches in Reading and Second Language Acquisition: from Monolinguals to Bilinguals

Authors

  • Cong Sun

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61173/p0dnpb41

Keywords:

Eye movement, Reading, Second language acquisition

Abstract

The mechanism of cognitive processing in reading has been a research focus for many years. Recent years, people have gradually turned their focus from understanding the process of text of monolinguals to bilinguals. As eye-tracking technology becomes more and more sophisticated, this paper aims to selectively review studies employed eye-tracking in reading and second language acquisition and to provide advice for Chinese learners of English. Based on CNKI and Web of Science database, this paper reviewed classic research in eye movement and eye-tracking, and analyzed research in reading and second language acquisition by areas of interest. Then, this paper summarized research focus, and particularly the factors influenced reading ability in passage reading. Moreover, the paper pointed the limitations of previous research and found two general problem: the limited participants and eye movement measures. Finally, this paper considers future directions for both monolingual and bilingual studies and in particular the language comprehension mechanism.

References

[1] Klaib A F, Alsrehin N O, Melhem W Y, et al. Eye tracking algorithms, techniques, tools, and applications with an emphasis on machine learning and Internet of Things technologies. Expert Systems with Applications, 2021, 166: 114037.

[2] Andreu L, Sanz-Torrent M, Olmos J G, et al. Narrative comprehension and production in children with SLI: An eye movement study. Clinical linguistics & phonetics, 2011, 25(9): 767-783.

[3] Andreu L, Sanz-Torrent M, Olmos J G, et al. The formulation of argument structure in SLI: an eye-movement study. Clinical linguistics & phonetics, 2013, 27(2): 111-133.

[4] Müri R, Cazzoli D, Nyffeler T. Eye Movements in Neurology//Klein C, Ettinger U. Eye Movement Research: An Introduction to its Scientific Foundations and Applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019: 749-774.

[5] Radach R, Kennedy A. Eye movements in reading: some theoretical context. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006), 2013, 66(3): 429-452.

[6] Purves D, Augustine G J, Fitzpatrick D, et al. Types of Eye Movements and Their Functions[M/OL]//Neuroscience. 2nd Edition. Sinauer Associates, 2001[2024-04-27].

[7] Rayner K. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 1998, 124(3): 372-422. Eye movements in reading and information processing

[8] Wade N J. Pioneers of eye movement research. i-Perception, 2010, 1(2), 33–68. Dean&Francis

[9] Pouget, P. (2019). Introduction to the Study of Eye Movements. In: Klein, C., Ettinger, U. (eds) Eye Movement Research. Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics. Springer, Cham.

[10] Just M A, Carpenter P A. A theory of reading: from eye fixations to comprehension. Psychological Review, 1980, 87(4): 329-354.

[11] Yarbus A L. Eye Movements and Vision. [Haigh B, translator. New York: Plenum Press; 1967.

[12] Hirst R J, Cragg L, Allen H A. Vision dominates audition in adults but not children: A meta-analysis of the Colavita effect. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2018, 94: 286-301.

[13] Kemmerer D. Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, 2nd edition. New York: Routledge, 2022.

[14] Fu Yu. An eye movements study of psychological words in Chinese passage reading. Tianjin: Tianjin Normal University, 2015.

[15] Yu Miao, Yan Han, Yan Guoli. Is the word the basic processing unit in Chinese sentence reading: An eye movement study. Lingua, 2018, 205: 29-39.

[16] Roland D, Mauner G, Hirose Y. The processing of pronominal relative clauses: Evidence from eye movements. Journal of Memory and Language, 2021, 119: 104244.

[17] Zhou Changyin, Li Fang, Chen Rongrong. An eye movements study of the processing of Chinese relative clauses. Foreign Language Education, 2020, 41(1): 40-46.

[18] Shen Y, Crosson A C. Chinese adolescents learning to read in English: How do different types of morphological awareness contribute to vocabulary knowledge and comprehension?. Reading and Writing, 2023, 36(1): 51-76.

[19] Cheng Xi. Contributions of Morphological, Phonological and Orthographic Awareness to Chinese Children’s Character Recognition and Reading Comprehension in Upper Elementary Years. East China Normal University, 2023.

[20] Salmerón L, Altamura L, Delgado P, et al. Reading comprehension on handheld devices versus on paper: A narrative review and meta-analysis of the medium effect and its moderators. Journal of Educational Psychology, 2024, 116(2): 153-172.

[21] Jiang Hong. Can Digital Reading Replace Paper Reading? An meta-analysis based on 36 research papers on the impact of information carriers on reading effectiveness. Journal of Shanghai Educational Research, 2017, 36(09):17-22.

[22] Zhou Yu, Wang Juan, Chen Jing, et al. An Empirical Study on the Impact of Information Carriers on Text Reading: A Comparison between Digital Reading and Paper Reading. Chinese Journal of Distance Education, 2015, 35(10):21-26+79- 80.

[23] Divina O, Floris F. A STUDY ON THE READING SKILLS OF EFL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS. TEFLIN Journal, 2015, 20:37-47.

[24] Tang Huijun, Wen Xu. A Study on the Mechanism of Pronoun Ambiguity Resolution in English Reading: Evidence from Eye Movement Tracking. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 2020,52(01):77-89+159.

[25] Zou Jiajing. The effect of working memory span on ambiguity attachment bias in English sentences: an eye movement experimental study. Overseas English, 2015, 9(02):81-82.

[26] Chen Shifa, Wang Shaoxin, Peng Yule, et al. The Time Course of Processing English“Direct Object/ Subject”Garden Path Sentences by L2 Learners. Modern Foreign Languages, 2022, 45(1): 78-89.

[27] Xu Ziran. An Eye Movement Study on the Effects of Reading Level and Style on College Students’ English Reading Comprehension. Shenyang: Shenyang Normal University, 2018.

[28] Strandberg A, Nilsson M, Östberg P, et al. Eye movements are stable predictors of word reading ability in young readers. Frontiers in Education, 2023, 8: 1077882.

[29] Sui Longjiao, Dirix N, Woumans E, et al. GECO-CN: Ghent Eye-tracking Corpus of sentence reading for Chinese-English bilinguals. Behavior Research Methods, 2023, 55(6): 2743-2763.

[30] Zhang Guangyao, Yao Panpan, Ma Guojie, et al. The database of eye-movement measures on words in Chinese reading. Sci Data, 2022, 9(1): 411.

Downloads

Published

2024-06-06